Turning-lathe.



R. J. EDWARDS & C. B. GREENE.

I TURNING LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 16, 1912- 1,144,535, Patented June 29, 1915.

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R. J. EDWARDS & C. B. GREENE.

TURNING LATHE.

APPUCATION FILED MAR-16,1912.

1, 144,535. Patented June 29, 1915.

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TURNING LATHE. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 16. 1912.

l 1 4,535 Patented June 29, 1915.

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THE NORRIS PETERS 60., PHOTD-LITHKL. WASHINGTON. D. C.

REUBEN J'. EDWARDS, OF WATERBURY, AND GI-IANNING B. GREENE, OF MOBRISVILLE, VERMONT, ASSIGNORS, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO HERBERT D.

ItYDEB, OF BELLOWS FALLS, VERMONT.

TURNING-LATHE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, REUBEN J. EDWARDS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Waterbury, in the county of Washington, and CHANNING B. GREENE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Morrisville, in the county of Lamoille, both in the State of Vermont, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Turning-Lathes, of which the following is aspecification, accompanied by drawings forming a part of the same.

Our invention relates to that class of turning lathes which are designed for turning articles cylindrical in cross section, but having varying diameters in different sections, and it is particularly designed for turning sticks to be bent into scythe snathes.

The objects of our invention are to provide simple and el'licient means for controlling the feeding motion of the stick to the turning mechanism, means for controlling the diameter of the turned stick, and to provide a simple and efiicient turning mechawhich the work is fed to the cutting mechanism. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the releasing mechanism for disconnecting the machine from the driving power, and also showing a plan view of the cam for determining the shape of the turned work. Fig. 5 is a side view of the machine. Figs. 6 and 7 show detail views of portions of the cutting mechanism. v

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts in the different figures.

The machine embodying our present invention consists of a framework comprising posts 1, 1, upper girths 2 and lower girths 3. Upon the top. of this framework we mount the cutting and feeding mechanisms Patented June 29, 1915.

Application filed March 16, 1912. Serial No. 684,184.

of the machine, and upon the lower girth 3 we mount a shaft carrying the controlling cam by which the diameter of the turned piece is determined, as hereinafter described.

Mounted upon the framework of the machine and supported upon a broad foot 4 is screw thread 12 in the hollow spindle.

Mounted upon the front of the face plate are the cutters, in the present instance three in number, 13, 14 and 15, shown in front elevation in Fig. 2, one of the cutters being shown attached to the face plate in Fig. 6 and in detached perspective view in Fig. 2 The cutters are carried in holders 16 pivoted at 17 upon the face plate 10. Each of the cutters is held in its holder by means of a clamping block 18 and a clamping screw 19. The cutter holders 16 are provided near their free ends with short studs 20 having spherical tips 20, which are held in spherical sockets in one end of clamping blocks 21 and forminga ball and socket joint. The

opposite ends of the clamping blocks 21 are provided with spherical sockets to receive spherical tips 22 of studs 23 held in the ends 2% of angular levers 25, pivotally held in lugs 26 projecting from the rear side of the face plate 10..

The angular levers 25 are capable of a slight rocking motion on pivotal pins 27, in order to move the free ends of the cutter holders radially toward or away from the axis of the hollow spindle 6 for the purpose of varying the diameter of the work to be turned. The angular levers 25 are each provided at their inner ends with a curved eX- tension 28 concentric with the axis of the rotating hollow spindle 6, and are provided with a ball and socket connection 29 with an annular sliding collar 30 capable of a slight slidingmovement on the hollow spinframework of the machine. A slight sliding movement of the collar 30 in the direction of the arrow 36, Fig. 5, rocks the angular levers 25 to carry the cutting edges of the knives nearer the center of the face plate 10, while a slight movement of the collar 30 in the direction of the arrow 37 moves the cutting edges of the knives farther from the center of the face plate 10 and increases the diameter of the turned work.

i The lever 33 has pivoted to its lower end an extension 38, capable of an angular adjustment about its pivotal connection 39 by means of the set screws 40 and 41. The lower end of the extension 38 carries a rotatable cam roll 42 which rides upon the periphery of a cam 43 against which it is held by a spiral spring 44. The contour of the cam 43 is suitably shaped to impart the requisite variation in the diameter of the turned work. The cam, in the present instance, is provided with a spiral periphery which would produce a turned piece having a gradual taper from one end to the other during the rotation of the cam in the directionof the arrow 45.

The cam 43 is held loosely upon a shaft 46 journaled in bearings 47 and 48 supported upon one end of the lower girths and a bracket 49 projecting from the side of the framework. The cam 43 is provided with a hub 50 having clutch teeth 51 which are the complement of similar clutch teeth 52 in a sliding collar 53 having a spline connection with the shaft 46. The sliding collar 53 is provided with a chamber containing a spiral spring 54 having one end pressing against the end wall of the chamber and the other end bearing against the hub 50 of the cam 43, with its tension applied to hold the clutch teeth 51 and 52 normally separated. The cam 43 is held from longitudinal movement against the tension of the spring 54 by means of a collar 55 attached to the shaft 46.

Bearing against the end of the sliding collar 53 is a short arm 56 attached to a sliding bar 57 held at its opposite ends in bearings 58 and 59'supported by the'framework of the machine.

Pivotally connected with the sliding bar 7 Figs. 3 and 4, is inclosed within the bearing 58. As the bar 57 is moved to the right, the

plate 66 is withdrawn from the bearing 58 and the tension of a spiral spring 67, connecting the latch 65 with the sliding bar 57, rocks the latch 65 to move the plate 66 outward so its end will strike against a steel plate 68 attached to the face of the bearing 58, thereby preventing the reverse movement of the sliding bar 57 and holding the clutch teeth 51 and 52 in engagement.

The latch 65 is provided with an arm 69 extending through an opening 70 in the sliding. bar 57 into the path of a cam plate 71 attached to the side of the cam 43. As the cam revolves, the plate 71 is brought against the end of the arm 69 and reverses the movement of the latch 65, allowing the spiral reverse the sliding movement of the bar 57, carrying the plate 66 into alinement with the bearing 58, the momentum of the machine serving to carry the plate 66 into the bearing 58 far enough to hold it against the action of the spiral spring67. At the completion of each revolution of the cam 43, it is thrown out of engagement with the driving clutch teeth 52. c

The shaft 461 is rotated by means of a chain belt connection 72 with a rotating pulley 81 also forming a collar on the hollow spindle 6 which, with the flange 7, holds the hollow spindle 6 from longitudinal movement in its bearing 5. The belt connection 80 supports a tightening pulley 82 held in a spring 54 to separate the clutch teeth and p U-shaped frame 83 pivoted upon the shaft' 78. The U-shaped frame 83 isconnected by a rod 84 with a foot treadle 85 by which the operator is enabled to lift the U-shaped frame 83 and .relieve the belt 80 of the weight of the ti'ghtenin disconnecting the shaft 78 from the rotating hollow spindle 6 and stopping the rotation of the cam and feeding mechanism.

The feeding mechanism illustrated in Fig.

3 comprises a pair of shafts 86 and 87, the

former carrying a feed roll 88 having a V shaped groove in its periphery and the latter carrying a pair of sharp toothed disks 89 and 90; The shaft 86 is journaled in a pair of boxes 91 and 92' connected together ontheir under sides by a web or framework 93,

capable of a longitudinal sliding movement in upright stands 94 and 95; Theshaft 86 pulley 82, thereby is connected by a universal joint 96 with a short shaft 97 which extends through and has a spline connection with the rotating sleeve 73. The upper feed shaft 87 is journaled in boxes 98 and 99. The box 98 is capable of a longitudinal sliding movement on the stand 94 and is coupled to the sliding box 91 by a pivotal pin 100. The box 99 is held from sliding longitudinally on the stand 95 by means of studs 101 projecting from the sides of the box into vertical grooves 102 in the stand 95.

The web or frame 93 which connects the lower boxes 91 and 92 is extended to the right, as shown at 103, Figs. 1 and 3, and is provided with a spherical socket 104: to receive a spherical tip 105 of a lever 106. The lever 106 has a spherical enlargement 107 which is journaled in a spherical socket 108 formed in a fixed bracket 109 attached to the framework of the machine. The lever 106,

by means of its ball and socket fulcrum in the bracket 109, is capable of being moved either to the right or left, or up and down. By the former movement it imparts a longitudinal movement to the frame 93 and boxes 91 and 92 in order to move the shaft 86 to the right or left to change the alinement of the V-shaped groove in the feed roll 88 relatively to the axis of rotation of the cutting mechanism. By. the up and down movement of the lever, it raises or lowers the extension 103 of the frame 93 in order to vary the vertical alinement of the grooved roll 88 with the axis of the cutting mechanism.

Attached to the box 99 is a bracket 110, which connected by a spring 111 with the extension 103 of the frame 93 in order to draw the ends of the shafts 86 and 87 toward each other to cause the teeth of the disks 89 and 90 to engage the work supported upon the grooved roll 88. The toothed disks 89 and 90 on the shaft 87 are rotated by means of a gear 112 on shaft 87 engaging a gear 113 on the shaft 86.

In order to allow the frame 93 and the feeding mechanism supported thereon to be raised and lowered by the movement of the lever 106, we counterbalance the frame 93 by means of a cable 114 connected with the frame 93. The cable passes over a pulley 115 and supports at its free end a counterweight 116. In front of the grooved roll 88 we place a crotched work support 117. The work to be turned is presented to the cutting mechanism between the grooved roll 88 and the toothed disks 89 and 90, which are revolved in a direction to force the work toward the cutting mechanism and between the cutting knives which reduce the work to a cylindrical shape in cross section, the cutting knives being gradually moved toward and from the axis of rotation by the action of the cam 4L3, producing, in the present nism would be required.

gaging mechanism consists of a lever 118 capable of both a swinging and a sliding movement in a bracket 119 attached to the framework of the machine, the lever being provided with a gripping mechanism 120 of any suitable construction adapted to en gage the end of the turned work as it projects from the hollow spindle 6. The stick to be turned rests in the crotch 117 and enters between the feed roll 88 and the upper feed roll which comprises a pair of saws 89 and 90, the teeth of which engage the upper surface of the stick to be turned,

while the latter is pressed against the V- shaped groove of the roll 88 by means of the spring 111 shown in Fig. 3. Rotary motion is imparted to the lower shaft and from the lower shaft a rotary motion is imparted to the upper shaft through the pinions 112 and 113. The upper shaft is ournaled in boxes 98 and 99. The box 99 is capable of an up and down movement, but not of a longi tudinal movement, being restrained by the pin 101 entering a vertical groove 102 in the stand 95. Normally the feeding mechanism stands in alinement with the axis of rotation of the rotating cutters and the work is gradually fed forward by the grooved roll 88 and the saws 89 and 90. The stick to be turned is split out of an ash stick and not sawed, as sawing would be liable to cut oil the grain, and it is necessary in a scythe 'snath which is to be bent that the grain should follow the stick. If the split stick fed to the machine was absolutely straight, no means for varying the feeding mecha- The stick, however, is seldom straight, as the grain follows the natural curvature of the log from which the stick has been split and it is necessary that the feed rolls should be manipulated by means of the lever 106 in order to change their alinement with the cutters to correspond with the curvature of the stick. This curvature may extend to the right or left, or above or below. If to the right or left, the lower feed roll shaft 86 is moved to the right or left to correspond with the deflection of the stick. If the curvature is above or below the center of the stick, the feed rolls are raised or lowered by means of lever 106. Through the ball and socket connection of the lever 106 with the frame 93, any compound movement may be imparted to the feed rolls. If, during the passage of the stick between the upper saws and the lower grooved roll 88, the feed rolls approach a portion which is smaller in cross section, they are drawn together by the tension of the spring 111. Whenever a projection 01' enlargement of the stick passes between the feed rolls, the spring 111 yields, causing an angular movement to be given to the upper feed roll shaft 87 which rocks on a hinge connection 100 between the boxes 98 and 91.

In construction, of course, sufficient clearance is allowed between the teeth of the pinions 112 and 113 to allow a rocking motion of the shaft 87. The movement of the feed rolls in any direction to follow the curvature of the stick constitutes the most important feature of the invention, as it enables a stick to be turned to follow the grain. This is a very important feature in turning sticks for scythe snathes, as the latter haveto be steamed and bent and, if the grain should be cut off at any part of the stick, it would be liable to split either in the process of bending or subsequently, owing to the constant strain exerted upon the grain of the wood.

We claim,

1. In a turning lathe, the combination with a hollow spindle having a face plate, cutters pivotally mounted on the face plate, means engaging said cutters to swing them about their pivots, whereby to vary the distance of each from the axis of rotation of the face plate, a cam in engagement with said means for gradually changing the position of the cutters, and means actuated upon each revolution of the cam for disconnecting said cam from its driving power.

2. In a turning lathe, a cutting mechanism comprising a pair of rotatable shafts carrying feeding members for engaging the work, means for imparting a sliding movement to said shafts to change the alinement of the work, and means for causing one of the shafts to be moved toward the other shaft, whereby the feeding members are brought together for the purpose of feeding the material.

3. In a turning lathe, a hollow cutter head, means for rotating said head about a fixed axis of rotation, and a feeding mechanism arranged to control the alinement of the work, comprising means for imparting a sidewise movement to said work.

4:. In a turning lathe, a hollow cutter head, means for revolving said head about a fixed axis of rotation, and a feeding mech anism arranged to control the alinement of the work, comprising means for changing ee e5 the alinement of the work relatively to the axis of rotation of the cutter.

5. In a turning lathe, a feeding mechanism comprising a pair of rotatable shafts carrying feeding members for engaging the work, and means for imparting a simultaneous sliding movement to said shafts to change the alinement of the work.

6. In the feeding mechanism of a turning lathe of the class described, a pair of shafts, means for rotating one of said shafts, a geared connection between said shafts, a grooved roll carried by one of said shafts, a pair of toothed disks carried by the other of said shafts in opposition to said grooved roll, yielding. means for pressing said toothed disks against the work, and means for imparting a vertical or a horizontal movement to said shafts simultaneously.

7. In a turning lathe, the combination with a hollow cutter head, and means for rotating said head about a fixed axis of rotation, of a feeding mechanism arranged to control the alinement of the work, and meansv for imparting a compound movement transverse to the line of feed. to said mechanism. g

8. In a. turning, lathe, the. combination with a cutter and means for rotating said cutter about a fixed axis of rotation, of a,

feeding mechanism consisting of an upper and lower roll arranged to control the alinement of the work, and means for imparting a vertical movement to said rolls and an axial. movement to said lower roll for changing the alinement of the work relative to the axis of rotation of the cutter.

9. In a turning lathe, the combination with a cutter and means for rotating said cutter about a fixed axis of rotation, of a feeding mechanism consisting of an upper and lower roll arranged tocontrol the alinement of the work, means for, imparting a vertical movement to said rolls and an axial 'movement to saidlower roll for changing M. B. MAURICE, D. A. LE FOUNTAI'N.=

. Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Iatentn,

. Washington, ILC'. 

